![]() ![]() The principle requires physical laws to be the same for any body moving at constant velocity as they are for a body at rest. Its influence in the latter is so strong that Max Planck named the theory after the principle. This principle is used in both Newtonian mechanics and the theory of special relativity. ![]() The special principle of relativity states that physical laws should be the same in every inertial frame of reference, but that they may vary across non-inertial ones. This postulate defines an inertial frame of reference. Albert Einstein: The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity, Part A, §1 In this light, relativity principles make testable predictions about how nature behaves. For example, if two observers at different times see the same laws, then a quantity called energy will be conserved. According to a theoretical result called Noether's theorem, any such symmetry will also imply a conservation law alongside. These sorts of principles have been incorporated into scientific inquiry at the most fundamental of levels.Īny principle of relativity prescribes a symmetry in natural law: that is, the laws must look the same to one observer as they do to another. One of the most widespread is the belief that any law of nature should be the same at all times and scientific investigations generally assume that laws of nature are the same regardless of the person measuring them. ![]() Main articles: Galilean invariance and History of special relativityĬertain principles of relativity have been widely assumed in most scientific disciplines. ![]()
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